Whalesbook
India Ka Stand: Fairness Pehli
Asal mein, jab trade ministers MC14 ke liye mil rahe the, India ke Piyush Goyal ne WTO ke core principles ko defend kiya. Unka kehna hai ki sabki rai le kar faisla karna (consensus), sab partners ko same treatment dena (MFN), aur developing countries ko special treatment (S&DT) milna, ye sab global trade ko fair aur balanced rakhta hai. India developing countries ki taraf se lead kar raha hai taki unki awaaz suni jaaye aur badi taakatein unhe peeche na chhod dein.
US Aur EU Ki Maang: Efficiency Zaroori!
Developed countries, jaise US aur EU, chahte hain ki WTO ka system abhi ki economy ke hisaab se modern aur efficient ho. Woh consensus ko bahut slow maante hain aur S&DT ke bare mein unka kehna hai ki bade deshon ko iska galat fayda mil raha hai. US toh MFN ko bhi aaj ke geopolitics mein relevant nahi maanta aur selective deals pasand karta hai.
S&DT Par Sabse Bada Conflict
S&DT provision, jo developing countries ko flexibility deta hai, sabse bada mudda hai. 'Developing country' status ke liye koi clear criteria nahi hone se US aur EU pareshan hain. Unka maanana hai ki badi economies bhi iska fayda utha rahi hain jo galat hai. US ne kaha hai ki iske liye OECD membership ya high-income status jaisi cheezein honi chahiye. Par India isko developing countries ka haq maanta hai, poverty kam karne aur development ke liye.
Consensus Ya Speed?
Consensus-based decision-making, jo WTO ka starting point hai, ab pressure mein hai. US ko lagta hai ki isse decisions lene mein bahut der ho jaati hai. India aur kai developing nations ise sabko barabar ka mauka dene wala system maante hain, jisse koi zabardasti na kar sake.
MFN Ka Future Kya Hai?
MFN principle, jisme sab trading partners ko ek jaisa treatment milta hai, us par bhi sawal uth rahe hain. US ka kehna hai ki MFN ka zamana gaya aur use selective trade deals chahiye. EU bhi China aur India jaise bade players ke liye isko dekh raha hai. Agar aisa hua toh global trade system alag-alag ho sakta hai.
Current Situation Aur Pressure
Ye sab debates WTO ke history se judey hain. Development status ki definition clear na hone se deadlock bana hua hai. Upar se geopolitical tensions aur global shocks ne cheezein aur complicated kar di hain. WTO ka dispute system bhi theek se kaam nahi kar raha, jis wajah se members chote agreements ki taraf jaa rahe hain.
India Par Bhi Uthte Sawal
India jab developing countries ke rights ki baat karta hai, toh developed countries use modern hone se rokne wala aur purana system pakde rehne wala keh kar criticize karti hain. Unka kehna hai ki India S&DT ka fayda protectionist policies ke liye use kar raha hai. Kuch analysts India ko obstructionist bhi maante hain.
Aage Kya Hoga?
MC14 se pata chalega ki WTO ka future kya hai. Shayad koi naye agreements na hon, par ek work program tai ho sakta hai. Agar divisions badhti rahi toh members alag-alag group bana kar apne hisaab se deals kar sakte hain, jisse trade aur mahanga ho sakta hai. Businesses ko bhi uncertainty ka dar hai.