Whalesbook
Arey, ye sab ho raha hai US President Donald Trump ke China visit se pehle. China Ministry of Commerce ne announce kiya hai ki woh US ke un measures ki jaanch karega jo unke clean tech products ki import ko rok rahe hain. Ye ekdum se trade disputes ko aur badha raha hai, kyunki China isko US ke pehle ke trade actions ka jawab maan raha hai. US ne pehle hi Chinese electric vehicle (EV) battery imports par 25% tariffs aur EVs par 100% tak ki duties laga rakhi hain, saath hi solar panels par bhi levies hain.
Aur ek badi baat yeh hai ki World Trade Organization (WTO) ne recently China ki complaint par US ke khilaaf faisla sunaaya hai. WTO panel ne kaha ki US ke clean energy subsidies, khaas kar Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) ke tehat, Chinese technology ke khilaaf unfair hain. US ko October 1, 2026 tak domestic content subsidies wapas lene honge. China ne ise global trade rules ka defense aur US protectionism par rejection kaha hai.
Ab China ka focus green exports par kyun hai? Simple hai, unki economy ke liye ye ekdum lifeline ban gaya hai. Last year, clean-energy sectors ne China ki overall economic growth mein ek-tihaai se zyada contribute kiya tha, aur investment gains mein 90% se zyada. Is sector ki value 15.4 trillion yuan (around $2.1 trillion) thi. Agar ye sectors perform na karte, toh China apne GDP growth targets miss kar deta. Last year green product exports ne record banaya, aur August 2025 mein toh exports $20 billion USD tak pahunch gaye, mainly EVs mein 26% aur batteries mein 23% ke jump ke karan.
Aur China ki ye strategy isliye bhi zabardast hai kyunki woh global clean tech manufacturing mein king hai. Solar PV manufacturing mein unka share lagbhag 75% hai, aur 2030 tak yeh 55-65% rahne ka anumaan hai. Wind nacelle manufacturing mein 60% se zyada, batteries mein 80% global output unhi ka hai. Itni badi manufacturing capacity se unke products saste hote hain. Aur toh aur, woh 200 se zyada countries ko export karte hain, jisse unka base bahut bada hai.
Lekin sab kuch itna bhi smooth nahi hai. China ke green tech sector mein overcapacity ki problem hai, especially solar aur battery mein, jis se profit margins kam ho rahe hain. US bhi tariffs laga raha hai. WTO ruling China ke liye achhi khabar hai, par US ne is ruling ko criticise kiya hai aur kaha hai ki WTO rules China ki "excess capacity" ko handle karne ke liye kaafi nahi hain. Experts keh rahe hain ki China ne signal de diya hai ki woh retaliate karne ke liye taiyar hai. Ye sab milkar global clean energy investment par bhi impact daal sakta hai.
Is sab ke beech, China khud ko global climate action ka leader dikha raha hai. Woh keh raha hai ki US ki policies global climate efforts ko rok rahi hain. China khud ko fast aur cheap clean energy deploy karne wala maan raha hai, aur US ke scattered approach ko criticise kar raha hai. Global supply chains China ke manufacturing par bahut nirbhar karti hain, jisse dusre suppliers par shift karna mushkil hai. By 2030 tak global clean energy investment $4.5 trillion tak pahunchne ki ummeed hai, jahan China ka influence aur badhega.