China ka hold aur strong ho gaya!
So basically, India ka telecom market China ke control mein aur tight ho gaya hai. Fiscal year 2023-24 mein humne China se $6.37 billion ka telecom saman import kiya. Ye FY20 ke $5.55 billion se 14.7% zyada hai. Overall telecom imports bhi $17.01 billion tak pahunch gaye hain. Isse lagta hai ki government ke local manufacturing ko badhava dene wale efforts abhi kaafi nahi hain.
Aakhir China se hi maal kyun aa raha hai?
Iska reason hai China ki strong supply chains aur unke products ka kam price. Government ne Public Procurement Order aur Production Linked Incentive (PLI) jaise schemes chalai hain taaki local companies ko help mile, lekin phir bhi China ka saman market mein flood kar raha hai. Ye saman aksar local alternatives se sasta aur easily available hai.
Government Schemes ka kya hua?
India government ne Telecom and Networking Products ke liye PLI scheme launch ki hai. Ismein ab tak ₹4,646 crore ka investment aa chuka hai aur 44,000 jobs create hone ki umeed hai. Testing aur certification ko bhi easy banaya gaya hai. Lekin, import figures badhte hue dekh kar lagta hai ki ye measures abhi itne powerful nahi hain ki China ko takkar de sakein.
Trade Deficit aur Bade Players
FY24 mein China ke saath India ka overall trade deficit $85.06 billion ho gaya hai, jismein electronics import ka bada role hai. India ka goal hai 2026 tak duniya ka doosra sabse bada electronics manufacturer banna, par abhi value addition China se bahut kam hai. Dixon Technologies ne pichhle saal ₹388,601 crore ka revenue report kiya tha, aur Lava International ne FY24 mein ₹3,670 crore ka revenue dikhaya. Lekin imported cheezein, jaise integrated circuits aur lithium-ion batteries, India ki China par nirbharta dikhati hain.
'Make in India' Goals ko Khatra
Policy support aur PLI investment ke baad bhi, import par dependence ek badi problem hai. Isse India supply chain disruptions aur geopolitical pressure ke liye vulnerable ho jata hai. Kuch proposals hain jinme local content rules ko relax karne ki baat ho rahi hai, kyunki India mein components ka ecosystem abhi chhota hai. Isse India ek manufacturing hub hone ke bajaye sirf assembly hub ban sakta hai, jo 'Make in India' aur 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' ke goals ko nuksan pahuncha sakta hai. Electronics sector mein India ka value addition abhi 18% se bhi kam hai.
Aage ka Outlook
India ka electronics manufacturing market 2032 tak $197.8 billion tak pahunch sakta hai, aur telecom exports bhi 72% badh kar $2.03 billion ho gaye hain. Lekin, China se telecom equipment ka constant import ek bada challenge hai. Government ko local component ecosystem ko mazboot karna hoga, value addition badhani hogi, aur trade policies ko adjust karna hoga taaki local manufacturing, global supply chains ke saamne khadi ho sake.