Whalesbook
India Solar Power ka Potential Khoob Hai, Par Kuch Regions Pichhe Reh Gaye Hain. National Targets Ka Kya Hoga?
Asal mein, India ka solar potential toh duniya mein sabse zyada hai, but use karne mein badi gadbad hai. Kuch states mast speed mein hain, toh kuch bohot peeche. Isse apna 2030 tak 500 GW non-fossil fuel capacity ka goal mushkil ho sakta hai.
Sabse Badi Problem: Regional Divide
Poore desh mein, average solar potential ka sirf 3.16% hi use ho raha hai. North mein 3.8%, West mein 4% use ho raha hai, jo average se thoda upar hai. South 3.6% par hai. Magar East aur Northeast toh bohot hi pichhe hain, East mein sirf 0.7% aur Northeast mein toh 0.6%! State-level pe dekho toh Delhi sabse aage hai, 56.98% use kar raha hai, uske baad Haryana (31.93%) aur Punjab (15.4%). Gujarat mein sabse zyada installed capacity hai, 18.5 GW, lekin utilization 7.6% hi hai. Aur Rajasthan? Potential toh 828.8 GW hai, but installed capacity sirf 28.3 GW hai, matlab sirf 3.41% use!
Infrastructure ki Kami aur Policy Issues
Ab sawal ye hai ki aisa kyun ho raha hai? Main reason hai infrastructure ki kami, especially transmission lines. Jin states mein bijli ban rahi hai, use dusre demand centers tak pahunchane mein dikkat aa rahi hai. Is wajah se kai states mein power ko 'curtail' karna padta hai, matlab band karna padta hai. Jaise, March se August 2025 ke beech Rajasthan mein 4 GW tak solar aur wind power ko curtail karna pada. Government ne rooftop solar ke liye 'PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana' jaise schemes launch ki hain, but land issues aur state-level policies ki wajah se projects delay ho rahe hain.
Risk Kya Hai Aur Kahan Galti Ho Rahi Hai?
Is situation mein risk ye hai ki agar ye gaps fill nahi hue, toh hum apne ambitious targets miss kar sakte hain. Grid ki kami, thermal power plants ki inflexibility aur old grid architecture intermittent solar ko integrate karne mein dikkat de rahe hain. Isse din mein oversupply aur raat mein shortage ho sakti hai, aur curtailment se developers ka paisa doob sakta hai. Import components par dependance aur land acquisition problems bhi risks hain. History mein bhi humne aise targets miss kiye hain, toh caution rehna zaroori hai.
Aage Kya Hoga?
Future mein toh growth expected hai, battery storage bhi aa raha hai jo intermittency ko manage karega. Lekin 2030 tak 500 GW ka target pura karna hai toh ye regional disparities aur grid infrastructure wali problems ko jaldi solve karna hoga. Warna India ka itna bada solar potential use hone se reh jayega.