Whalesbook
Aajkal market mein sabse zyada log iss mein uljhe rehte hain ki kaun sa stock ya fund sabse zyada return dega. Lekin experts ka kehna hai ki lambe time tak paisa banane ka asli power individual stock select karne mein nahi, balki aapke total portfolio ka alag alag asset classes mein kitna paisa laga hai, usmein hai. Isko hi hum asset allocation bolte hain.
Yeh strategic split hi decide karta hai ki market jab bhage (rally) ya gire (downturn), ya jab inflation badh jaye ya economy mein uncertainty ho, tab aapka portfolio kaise perform karega. Agar aapke portfolio mein risky assets zyada ho gaye, toh market ke thode se bhi hilne par aapka portfolio bahut zyada fluctuate kar sakta hai, jo bahut logon ke liye تحمل karna mushkil ho jata hai. Wahi agar bahut conservative ho gaye, toh shayad aap apne long-term goals tak pahunch hi na pao.
Sabse important baat ye hai ki koi bhi 'one-size-fits-all' asset allocation nahi hota. Aapki strategy totally personal honi chahiye. Yeh aapke financial goals, aap kitne time tak invest karna chahte ho (time horizon), aapko kitna cash chahiye (liquidity), aur aap kitna risk le sakte ho, ispar depend karta hai. Matlab, ek young banda jo 30 saal baad retirement ke liye save kar raha hai, uski allocation strategy usse bilkul alag hogi jo 3 saal mein ghar ke down payment ke liye save kar raha hai.
Aur ek baat, log aksar ek hi category ke alag alag funds ke beech ke difference ko bahut zyada important samajhte hain, par asal mein yeh fark bahut kam hota hai. Ek achha equity fund aur ek behtar equity fund ke beech ka long-term return difference, uss difference se bahut kam hai jo sirf 30% stocks mein invest karne aur 70% stocks mein invest karne mein aata hai.
Ek clear asset allocation plan aapko market mein discipline mein rehne mein help karta hai. Yeh aapko panic mein aake market girne par paisa nikalne se rokta hai. Asset allocation koi ek baar ka kaam nahi hai, yeh continuously chalta rehta hai. Jaise jaise market badalta hai, aapke portfolio ka balance bhi change hota hai. Isliye, regular rebalancing bahut zaroori hai taaki aapki strategy aapke goals aur risk tolerance ke hisab se hi rahe. Bina rebalancing ke, kuch assets itne bade ho sakte hain ki woh aapki original strategy ko hi bigaad dein.