Whalesbook
WTO ki 14th Ministerial Conference (MC14) mein India ne ye bada stand liya hai. Wo e-commerce moratorium ko permanent banane ke khilaaf hain. India ka kehna hai ki ye rules developed countries ko zyada fayda dete hain aur developing nations ka tax revenue kha jaate hain.
Piyush Goyal ne bola ki ye moratorium kab se chalu hai, 1998 se, aur ab iske scope pe aur iske impact pe carefully sochne ki zaroorat hai, kyuki koi common understanding hai hi nahi. India chahta hai ki WTO rules ko aise banaya jaye jo desh ke development ko support kare aur ek balanced global system bane.
Ye moratorium basically electronic transmissions par customs duty lagane ko rokta hai. America aur EU jaise developed countries is ban ko permanent karna chahte hain, bolte hain ki ye innovation badhata hai aur trade cost kam karta hai. Lekin India aur dusre developing countries ka kehna hai ki isse unka kafi tax revenue chala jata hai. Imagine karo, sirf 2020 mein India ne is wajah se around $1.5 billion ka revenue kho diya.
Kuch logon ka manna hai ki developed countries apne bade tech companies ko bachana chahte hain jo online tax-free operate karte hain. India iska virodh kar raha hai taki uske apne digital industry ko grow karne aur jobs create karne ka chance mile. US ne toh ye tak propose kiya hai ki ban ko 'content of transmission' tak extend kiya jaye. Experts ko dar hai ki isme AI jaise services bhi aa sakti hain, jo original intent se kaafi alag hoga.
Sirf e-commerce hi nahi, India WTO ko ekdum se badalna chahta hai. Goal hai ki system open, inclusive aur development-focused ho. Sabse important hai WTO ka dispute settlement system, jo ab theek se kaam nahi kar raha, aur isse sabse zyada nuksaan developing countries ko ho raha hai. India chahta hai ki developing nations ke liye 'Special and Differential Treatment' (S&DT) rules clear aur effective hon taki wo apni policies bana sakein. India ka argument hai ki abhi ke S&DT rules na toh clear hain na hi enforce hote hain.
Developed countries isko restrict karna chahte hain, jisse badi developing economies ko fayda nahi milega. India keh raha hai ki garibi aur alag alag needs ke karan developing deshon ko support ki zaroorat hai. Iske alawa, India agriculture aur fisheries subsidies pe bhi apni demands zor-shor se utha raha hai. Agriculture mein food security ke liye public stockholding programs ko permanent solution milna chahiye, jo India ke MSP system ke liye zaroori hai. Fisheries mein bhi balance chahiye, jisme chhote fishermen ka khayal rakha jaye.
Ab India ka ye stand developing nations ke liye acha hai, par isme risks bhi hain. Kuch logon ko lagta hai ki aaj ke time mein consensus pe zor dene se reforms slow ho sakte hain. Dusri taraf, badi economies WTO ke bahar bhi trade deals kar rahi hain, jisse future mein India ka influence kam ho sakta hai. WTO khud bhi problems mein hai, jaise stalled dispute system, aur isse important decisions delay ho rahe hain.
Par ek baat pakki hai, India ki economy tezi se badh rahi hai aur 2027-28 tak yeh duniya ki teesri sabse badi economy banne wali hai. Isliye, India ab global trade rules ko shape karne mein badi bhumika nibha raha hai. India ka focus ab sirf opposition par nahi, balki constructive changes lane par hai, taki ek fairer trade system ban sake.