Dekho yaar, Indian cement industry mein aajkal ekdum tohri machi hui hai! Sab companyan apna capacity badha rahi hain, aur target hai FY28 tak poora 158 million tonnes capacity aur jod dena. Yeh CAGR lagbhag 7.4% ke aas-paas hai. Matlab, bahut saara cement banega!
Aur mazedaar baat yeh hai ki yeh sab ho raha hai jab industry pehle se hi consolidate ho rahi hai. Top players jaise UltraTech Cement aur Ambuja Cement toh aadhi se zyada nayi capacity khud hi bana rahe hain. Top 5 players ka market share pehle se 75% se zyada hai.
Sabse zyada tension North India mein hai, jahan capacity 11% CAGR se badhne wali hai. East aur Central mein 7%, South aur West mein 5%. North mein itna zyada capacity badhne se price par bahut pressure aa sakta hai aur oversupply ka khatra bhi zyada hai.
Industry ka utilization rate toh FY26 tak 67-68% ke aas-paas hi rahega, par capacity base bahut bada ho jayega. Isse demand absorb karne mein mushkil ho sakti hai. Analysts ka kehna hai ki prices mein CAGR negative 1-2% tak gir sakti hai FY23 se FY26 ke beech. Efficiency badh rahi hai, par competition ke kaaran profit kam ho sakta hai.
Is saal $3.5 billion se zyada ke 10 se zyada deals ho chuki hain. UltraTech aur Adani group (Ambuja Cement) sabse aage hain. Nayi plant lagane se accha kai log buy karna pasand kar rahe hain. Par yeh lagtaar capacity badhawana, jo CRISIL ke hisaab se FY26-FY28 mein 150-170 million tonnes ho sakti hai, consolidation ke baad price discipline ke liye ek bada test hoga.
Ab yeh badhti capacity oversupply aur margin compression ka bada risk leke aa rahi hai. Axis Capital keh raha hai ki medium term mein pricing aur margins par pressure rahega. North region mein toh price volatility aur zyada hogi. JSW Cement ka haal toh thoda nazuk lag raha hai – P/E ratio negative hai, net profit margin negative, ROE bhi negative, aur debt-to-equity ratio 1.08 hai. Ambuja Cement ki sales growth bhi pichhle 5 saal mein sirf 5.27% rahi hai. FY27 tak bhi utilization 70-71% ke aas-paas rahega, matlab supply demand se zyada hone ki puri sambhavna hai.
Brokerages ki rai mili-juli hai. Citi ne UltraTech Cement aur JSW Cement ko top picks rakha hai. Investec ne JSW Cement ko 'Buy' rating di hai. Lekin Axis Capital ko medium-term pricing ki chinta hai. ICRA toh sector ka outlook stable bol raha hai, volume growth 6-7% aur margin improvement ka andaza hai FY26 mein. HSBC bol raha hai ki 2026 ki shuruat mein price hike ho sakti hai demand ke kaaran. Par overall, capacity growth demand se zyada ho rahi hai, toh pricing par pressure bana rahega.