Whalesbook
Dekho, government chahti hai ki India pharma mein super strong bane aur kisi par depend na kare. COVID ke time pata chala tha ki jab hum dusron se, khas kar China se APIs (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients) aur intermediates mangate hain toh supply mein dikkat aa sakti hai. Isi liye, Secretary Rajesh Agrawal ne seedha order diya hai ki industry ko 80-90% tak apne raw materials khud hi manufacture karne honge. Goal ye hai ki India ki supply chain ekdum robust ho jaaye aur hum global pharma market mein aur bade player banen. Waise, India ke pharma exports bhi badh rahe hain, April-February FY26 mein 5.6% badh kar ye $28.29 billion ho gaye.
Par bhai, yeh 80-90% ka target itna bhi simple nahi hai. Sabse bada reason? China! China practically global API market par dominate karta hai. Unke paas government support hai aur unki pricing 20-30% tak humse kam hai. India abhi bhi 65-70% APIs aur intermediates China se import karta hai, FY25 mein toh ye 74% tak pahunch gaya tha. Aur sirf India nahi, US jaise bade countries bhi 90% tak API import par depend karte hain. Duniya bhar mein log is import dependence se pareshan hain.
India mein local production badhane ke liye government ne PLI (Production Linked Incentive) schemes jaise initiatives bhi shuru kiye hain 2020 mein. Lekin phir bhi land milne mein, clearances lene mein aur factories lagane mein time lag raha hai. Upar se China ki pricing itni aggressive hai ki woh log 50% tak kam price mein key APIs de dete hain. Aur jab baat high-value products jaise biologics aur biosimilars ki aati hai, toh uske liye R&D mein zabardast investment chahiye, jo India abhi bhi global standards se kam kar raha hai (7-8% of revenue).
Phir bhi, India ke pharma sector ka future bright dikh raha hai. Market 2030 tak $130 billion tak pahunch sakta hai, aur FY2026 mein 9-11% growth expected hai. Pharma companies ab generics se hatkar complex products par focus kar rahi hain, jahan $200+ billion ka opportunity hai patent expirations ke baad 2026 se 2032 ke beech. CDMOs (Contract Development and Manufacturing Organizations) bhi biologics ke liye acha role play kar sakte hain. Lekin asli success policy implementation, R&D mein focus aur China ke competition ko face karne par hi depend karega.