Whalesbook
E-Waste Ka Bhandaar, Kharab Ho Raha Paisa!
Socho, India ne FY24 mein 6.2 million tonnes e-waste phenka. Aur bhai, ye number 2030 tak 14 million tonnes tak jaane wala hai! Lekin apni recycling capacity kitni hai? Sirf 2 million tonnes per year. Iska matlab hai, jo kachra phenk rahe hain uska sirf 10% hi official recycling mein jaata hai, jo duniya ke average se bhi bahut kam hai.
Jo ye kachra phenka ja raha hai na, usmein 33% sirf metals hain. Precious metals, critical minerals sab kuch! Aur in sabki kimat lagbhag ₹51,000 crore hai. Matlab, agar sahi se recover karein toh ₹30,600 crore toh current technology se hi nikaale ja sakte hain. Par ho kya raha hai? Informal sector ne ₹6,545 crore nikale, official sector ne sirf ₹2,805 crore. Aur jo ₹21,250 crore hain woh system ki problems se kho gaye, aur ₹20,400 crore aise materials mein hain jo abhi nikaal hi nahi sakte.
Lithium-ion Battery Ka Naya Headache
Ab jo ye mobile phones aur electric vehicles ka craze badh raha hai, na, uski battery waste bhi bhari problem ban rahi hai. 2025 mein 29 GWh thi demand, jo 2035 tak 248 GWh ho jayegi! Iska matlab battery waste bhi 9 guna badhega. In batteries mein lithium, cobalt, nickel jaise valuable cheezein hoti hain. Par current policies inko efficiently recover karne par focus nahi kar rahi hain.
Abhi jo rules hain woh sirf copper, aluminum, iron aur gold par zyada dhyan dete hain. Dusre important minerals ko ignore kar dete hain. Aur jo battery types hain jinmein zyada costly metals nahi hote, unko recyclers ke liye faydemand hi nahi hain. Agar alag-alag battery types ke liye alag-alag incentives na hon, toh ye sab materials waste hi ho jayenge.
E-Waste Ko Track Kaise Karein? Informal Sector Ka Role
Sabse badi problem hai traceability ki. Ye pata hi nahi chalta ki kitna kachra kahan gaya. Jab battery chemicals ka pata hi nahi chalega, aur GST system ko EPR platforms se connect nahi karenge, toh recycling ke claims ko verify karna mushkil ho jata hai. Jo report karte hain na ki itna recycle kiya, woh actual mein recover hue amount se match hi nahi karta.
Pehle bhi informal sector kaafi bada role nibhata hai. Paryavaran NITI Manthan conference mein bhi ye baat hui ki EPR ko financial tracking jaise GST records se jodo, taaki sab clear ho sake. Isse material ka flow sahi se pata chalega aur mismatch kam honge. Recommendations mein ye bhi hai ki GST incentives ko verified recycling se jodo.
Recycling Ko Kaise Badhayein: Policy Mein Changes Zaroori
Ab policy maker sirf rules poore karne se aage badh kar soch rahe hain ki recycling sach mein effective ho. Iske liye bade changes chahiye - EPR ko zyada materials cover karne honge, informal collection ko bhi include karna hoga, aur verification ko strong karna hoga. Ek common EPR portal bhi banane ki baat chal rahi hai.
CPCB Member Secretary Bharat Sharma ne kaha hai ki humein sirf 'compliance' se aage badh kar 'effective and efficient recycling' par kaam karna hoga, sirf gold aur copper nikaalne se kaam nahi chalega. Is circular economy ko sach mein successful banane ke liye government ko consistently focus karna hoga aur is system ko ek saath lekar chalna hoga.