NGT ne Maangi Sarkaar se Fatafat Action
NGT Union government aur doosre authorities se jawaab maang raha hai ki India ka badhta hua air pollution crisis akhir chal kya raha hai. Court mein ek filing mein bola gaya hai ki yeh situation ab ek 'National Public Health Emergency' ban chuki hai. Aur ek pehle se chal raha mamla bhi hai, dono ki sunwai 14 May ko saath mein hogi.
Ab Sans Lena Bhi Ek Bada Health Risk Hai
Asli baat toh yeh hai ki India poori tarah se polluted hawa mein fasa hua hai. Toxic pollutants hamesha national aur international health standards se upar hain. Yeh dangerous situation, jo saalon se chal rahi hai, ab aur kharab ho rahi hai aur har saal laakhon logo ki jaan le rahi hai. Filing mein saaf likha hai, "Hawa ki quality itni kharab ho gayi hai ki ab sans lena hi ek health risk hai."
Mauton Ka Aankda Aur Economy Par Bojh
Science ke studies toh aur bhi darawane figures dikha rahe hain. Global Burden of Disease Study ke hisaab se, 2019 mein air pollution ki wajah se India mein 1.67 million logo ki maut hui thi. Yeh total deaths ka 17.8% tha. Ismein 0.98 million mauten outdoor pollution se aur 0.61 million household pollution se hui. Economic impact bhi kaafi bada hai, estimated $36.8 billion ka nuksan, yaani India ki GDP ka 1.36%, sirf premature deaths aur bimariyon ki wajah se hua. Ek estimate ke mutabik, roz 464 bachche 5 saal se kam umar ke India mein sirf air pollution ki wajah se mar rahe hain.
Cities Hawa Quality Standards Ko Miss Kar Rahi Hain
2015 se 2025 tak ka data batata hai ki koi bhi badi Indian city poore samay mein safe air quality standards ko meet nahi kar paayi hai. Delhi toh hamesha high Air Quality Index (AQI) levels par rehti hai. Lucknow aur Varanasi jaise cities bhi aksar limits cross karti hain. Yahan tak ki relatively cleaner badi cities jaise Kolkata, Mumbai, aur Chennai ne bhi AQI levels reported thresholds se kaafi upar dikhaye hain.
Governance Ko Bola Gaya Fragmented Aur Reactive
Filing mein India ke air pollution ko handle karne ke tareeke ko criticize kiya gaya hai. Isko scattered, reactive aur seasonal bataya gaya hai. Aksar solutions peak pollution times mein temporary fixes par focus karte hain, na ki long-term emission sources ko pakadne par. Application mein yeh bhi kaha gaya hai ki Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 jaise laws hone ke bavajood, enforcement alag-alag uncoordinated bodies mein banti hui hai. Authorities ke paas comprehensive data aur monitoring ki kami hai. Ek observation mein yeh bhi kaha gaya: "Jo count nahi hota, woh govern nahi hota; jo record nahi hota, woh prevent nahi hota."
National Framework Aur Coordinated Action Ki Maang
Applicant NGT se demand kar raha hai ki kuch bade reforms kiye jaayein. Main demands mein ek unified national plan banana, air pollution ko public harm maanna, environmental oversight ko public health tracking se jodna, aur sarkari agencies ko milkar kaam karne ke liye ensure karna shamil hai. Plea mein kaha gaya hai ki crisis laws mein kamzori ki wajah se nahi, balki poor execution, coordination, aur accountability ki wajah se hai, aur iska maqsad saaf hawa mein jeene ka constitutional right secure karna hai.