Whalesbook
Nuclear Energy mein ab naya twist!
Ab tak India bade nuclear reactors banata tha, lekin ab focus chota, scalable reactors par hai. Yeh BSMR-200 design ekdum standardised hai, matlab ek jaisa design use hoga toh kaam jaldi hoga. Isse desh ki nuclear capacity ko boost milega aur hum apne 100 GW tak pahunchne ke goal ko 2047 tak achieve kar payenge. Yeh technology BARC aur NPCIL milkar bana rahe hain, taaki pollution kam ho aur energy ki kami na ho.
Kitna kharcha aur time lagne wala hai?
Is 220 MWe wale BSMR-200 reactor ke liye tendering process shuru hone wali hai. Iska design mass production ke liye banaya gaya hai, taaki jaldi se jaldi lagaya ja sake. Ek reactor banane mein lagbhag ₹5,960 crore ka kharcha aayega, aur pilot projects ke liye per megawatt ka kharcha ₹30 crore ke aas paas hoga. Nuclear Energy Mission ko is saal ke budget 2025-26 mein ₹20,000 crore mile hain SMR research ke liye. Approval ke baad, construction mein 60 se 72 mahine lag sakte hain, jo purane bade reactors se kaafi kam time hai.
Naye Rules aur Global Advantage!
India ka ye SMR move isliye aur strong ho gaya hai kyunki December 2025 mein SHANTI Act pass hua hai. Is Act ne state monopoly khatam kar di hai, matlab ab private aur foreign companies bhi civilian nuclear projects mein 49% tak invest kar sakti hain. Isse naya technology aur paisa aane ki umeed hai. Jabki Western countries Light Water Reactor technology use kar rahe hain, India apne khud ke Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) based SMR design bana raha hai, jo ekdum indigenous hai. India ka kehna hai ki unke SMRs global competitors se lagbhag 30% saste honge, jiska kharcha ₹30 crore per MW tak aa sakta hai, compared to ₹50 crore to ₹100 crore per MW abroad. Ye 100 GW target poora karne ke liye zaruri hai, jiske liye saal mein lagbhag 4.14 GW add karna hoga. SMRs ko industrial pollution kam karne, hydrogen banane aur data centres ko power dene ke liye bhi use kiya jayega.
Challenges aur Future?
Saste SMRs banane ke liye ek saath bahut saare orders milne zaruri hain taaki common costs kam ho sakein. Experts ka kehna hai ki scalability hi asli game changer hogi. SHANTI Act ne sector ko liberalize toh kiya hai, lekin abhi rules aur regulations fully implement hone baaki hain, jis se thodi uncertainty hai. Indigenous PHWR-based designs par depend karne ka matlab hai ki India ek naye commercial zone mein enter kar raha hai. Geopolitical issues, jaise China ka rare earth minerals par control, bhi dependency badha sakte hain. Nuclear waste management aur reactor replacements se hone wale environmental risks ko bhi carefully handle karna hoga.
Next Steps?
India ka plan hai ki 2033 tak kam se kam paanch indigenous SMRs banayein, jisme BSMR-200, SMR-55, aur High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGCR) for hydrogen shamil hain. Ye sab government support, private sector ki involvement aur domestic manufacturing base banane par depend karta hai. Government ka aim hai Net Zero by 2070 ka target poora karna aur energy security badhana, aur shayad India nuclear energy consumer aur exporter dono banega.