Whalesbook
Paisa Kahan se aayega?
Abhi jo naya plan aaya hai, 'Future of India's Semiconductor Industry', woh sirf ecosystem banane se aage badh kar ab aggressively scale karne par focus kar raha hai. Agle 10 saal mein $135-180 billion ke investment ka target hai, taaki India sirf electronics assembler banne se aage badh sake. Ismein sarkar ka Semiconductor Support Fund hoga, jismein $45-60 billion lagaya jayega jo anchor capital ka kaam karega. Yeh sirf investment nahi, balki private capital ko encourage karne ka tareeka hai, kyunki semiconductor business mein bahut zyada paisa lagta hai aur time bhi zyada lagta hai.
"More-than-Moore" Strategy!
Seedha sub-5nm fabrication nodes jaise complex race mein sabse aage wale players (Taiwan, South Korea, US) se compete karne ke bajaye, yeh plan "More-than-Moore" strategy par focus kar raha hai. Iska matlab hai compound semiconductors, advanced packaging aur OSAT (Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Test) capabilities par zor dena. Isse India 2035 tak global semiconductor market ka 10-13% hissa pakad sakta hai. Yeh strategy India ki chip design mein existing strength ka fayda uthata hai aur automotive, 5G/6G, aur AI jaise sectors ki demand poori karega.
Talent aur Infrastructure ki Kami?
Target toh bade achhe hain, par reality thodi complex hai. India mein har saal bahut saare engineers nikalte hain, par "fab-ready" talent ki bahut kami hai. Matlab clean-room operations, lithography mein trained log milna mushkil hai. Aur haan, Tata Electronics aur ASML ka collaboration jaisi badi projects ke liye bhi, fabrication ke liye zaruri infrastructure, jaise ultrapure water aur continuous high-voltage power, abhi bhi bade regional challenges hain. Is 10-year plan ka success National Frontier Semiconductor Research Programme par depend karta hai ki woh education ko industry ki need se match kar paye.
Risk Factor Kya Hai?
Is ambitious plan ke liye sabse bada risk hai "trust and execution" ka gap. India ka semiconductor mission global competitors se compete kar raha hai jinke paas decades ka experience aur aggressive subsidy frameworks hain. Specialty chemicals aur gases jaise crucial materials ke liye import par nirbhar rehna global supply shocks ka risk badhata hai. Agar sarkar ka anchor capital private investment ko jaldi attract nahi kar paya, ya talent development facilities ke saath pace nahi bana paya, toh yeh sector poori tarah se competitive global manufacturing powerhouse banne ke bajaye sirf kuch alag-thalg, expensive projects ka collection bankar reh jayega. Policy mein consistency hi decide karegi ki India global value chain mein fit ho payega ya nahi.