Whalesbook
Duniya ki energy problem ne India ke Green Hydrogen ko dia boost, par challenges abhi bhi hain!
Aajkal global market mein energy ko lekar jo instability chal rahi hai, usse India ko samajh aa gaya hai ki fossil fuels par depend rehna risky hai. Is wajah se desh apna focus renewable energy aur khud ki energy generate karne par laga raha hai, aur ismein Green Hydrogen ek bahut bada game changer ban sakta hai.
Targets bade, par production kahan hai?
India ka target hai ki 2030 tak 5 million metric tonnes per annum (MMTPA) green hydrogen produce kare. Lekin bhai, February 2026 tak sirf 8,000 tonnes per annum (TPA) hi commissioned hua hai. Gap dekho kitna bada hai!
Iska main reason hai ki green hydrogen abhi bhi grey hydrogen se kaafi mehnga hai. Projections ke hisab se 2030 tak cost $2/kg ho sakti hai, par abhi 2024-2025 mein yeh $3.5-$5/kg ke aas paas hai. Green ammonia ke bids bhi ₹49.75 per kg ke lag rahe hain, jisko bhi government incentives ki zaroorat pad rahi hai.
Green hydrogen banane mein jo 50-70% cost aati hai woh renewable energy ki hoti hai. Toh jab tak cost kam nahi hogi aur electrolyzer technology mein improvements nahi aayengi, tab tak yeh economically viable nahi lagega.
Manufacturing aur Infrastructure ka bhi panga
Ek aur badi problem yeh hai ki India abhi bhi electrolyzers jaise crucial components ke liye imported technology par depend karta hai. SARKAR PLI scheme jaise programs se domestic manufacturing ko support kar rahi hai, jiska target 2030 tak 15 GW electrolyzer capacity banana hai. Lekin abhi bhi alkaline electrolyzers ke liye 80% aur PEM electrolyzers ke liye 72% parts imported hain. Matlb, abhi aur kaam karna padega self-reliant banne ke liye.
Manufacturing ke alawa, hydrogen ko store karne aur transport karne ke liye accha infrastructure bhi nahi hai. Iske liye special pipelines, storage tanks aur refueling stations chahiye, jismein kaafi investment lagegi aur yeh cheez production goals se piche chal rahi hai.
Kaunsi industries ko fayda hoga?
Green ammonia, jo India ke fertilizer sector (jo saal mein 17-19 million tons use karta hai) ke liye bohot important ho sakta hai, uski demand badhegi. Isse import dependence kam hogi aur foreign exchange bhi bachega. Steel, refining, aviation aur shipping jaise sectors mein bhi jahan electricity use karna mushkil hai, wahan green hydrogen kaam aayega.
Bade players jaise Reliance Industries, Larsen & Toubro, NTPC, aur Adani Group is field mein bohot paisa laga rahe hain aur apne existing infrastructure ka use kar rahe hain.
Risks aur realistic outlook
Green hydrogen ka future bright lag raha hai, par ismein kuch risks bhi hain. Kai baar bids mein jo cost assumptions hote hain woh kaafi optimistic hote hain aur projects subsidies par depend karte hain. Electrolyzer technology ke liye bahar par nirbhar rehna ek risk hai. Analysts kehte hain ki hydrogen har jagah kaam nahi aayega, bas kuch specific industries ke liye hi best hai.
Yaad hai jab crude oil prices badhe the, tab 2026 mein Nifty 50 bhi 9-10% gir gaya tha. Yeh dikhata hai ki energy shocks kaise economy aur investor confidence ko affect kar sakte hain, aur iska impact is capital-intensive green hydrogen transition par bhi padega.