Parliament ne Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2026 paas kar diya hai. Isse states mining par apna alag se tax nahi laga payengi. Aim hai poore India mein ek jaisa tax rate rakhna, jisse mining companies ke liye cost predict karna easy ho jayega. Industry ke liye toh yeh accha hai, par states ko shayad yeh pasand na aaye.
Central government ne mining sector ke tax framework mein ek bada change laya hai. Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2026 ke paas hone se ab states mineral rights aur mineral-bearing lands par apne aap koi cess, tax ya extra levy nahi laga paengi. Taxation power ko Centre ke paas lane se, desh bhar mein mining operations ke liye ek uniform fiscal environment banane ka goal hai.
Yeh policy change revenue dynamics mein badlav ke baad aaya hai. Government data batata hai ki states ka total mineral aur coal revenue mein share FY14-15 mein 65% tha jo FY24-25 tak 88% ho gaya. Paiso mein bole toh states ne ₹71,035 crore collect kiye, jabki Centre ka share sirf 12% ya ₹8,932 crore reh gaya tha. Isi reason se Central government ne predictable tax regime ensure karne ke liye intervention kiya.
Investors aur mining companies ke liye sabse bada fayda hai uncertainty ka kam hona. Pehle companies ko states dwara naye tax lagane ya cess rates change karne ka risk rehta tha, jisse production cost badh sakti thi aur profit margins kam ho sakte the. Uniform mineral rates enforce karke, government unpredictable tax demands ka risk khatam karna chahti hai. Yeh naya law legacy issues par bhi clarity lata hai, kyunki Act shuru hone se pehle ke unpaid ya unrecovered levies invalid ho jayenge, haan, jo taxes pehle hi diye ja chuke hain unka refund nahi milega.
Lekin, is move mein risks bhi hain. Yeh naya law 2024 ke Supreme Court verdict ko override karta hai, jisne pehle states ko aise taxes lagane ka right diya tha. Isse constitutional aur legal challenges ho sakte hain, kyunki mineral-rich states Central government ke revenue-raising powers ko limit karne ke authority ko contest kar sakte hain. Agar legal disputes hote hain, toh naye tax framework ke implementation mein temporary uncertainty aa sakti hai.
Investors ko yeh monitor karna chahiye ki individual states is restriction par kaise react karte hain aur kya koi court challenge aata hai jo naye tax rules ko stable karne mein der kar sakta hai. Sector par long-term impact is baat par depend karega ki Centre national mineral pricing ke goal ko mineral-producing states ki fiscal needs ke saath kitna effectively balance kar pata hai.