Whalesbook
Okay, toh hua kya hai ki ab almost 90-95% log jo ghar kharid rahe hain, woh ya toh Millennials hain ya Gen Z. Iski wajah se average age jahan pe log loan le rahe hain, woh kam ho kar 25 saal ho gayi hai. Ye log digital cheezon ko zyada pasand karte hain, toh 72% log toh online hi apply kar rahe hain loan ke liye kyunki yeh fast, easy aur transparent hai. Aur toh aur, DigiLocker use karne wale 80% users bhi 35 saal se kam umar ke hain. Mazedaar baat yeh hai ki 60 saal se upar ke log bhi ab 47% tak digital tarike se loan apply kar rahe hain. Par sab kuch itna bhi smooth nahi hai. Abhi bhi 44% logo ko lagta hai ki documents bahut zyada mangte hain, 32% logo ko agents galat cheezein bata dete hain (mis-selling), aur 17% logo ko approval mein bahut time lagta hai. Toh digital speed toh hai, par paperwork aur trust issues abhi bhi hain.
India ka home loan market ab $329.9 billion ka hai aur yeh 2024 mein aur bhi aage badhne wala hai. Umeed hai ki yeh 2033 tak $773.8 billion tak pahunch jayega, matlab saal dar saal 8.9% se 9.33% ki speed se. Kuch log toh keh rahe hain ki yeh 15-16% tak bhi ja sakta hai aur 2030 tak $900 billion ko bhi paar kar sakta hai! Is growth ke peeche reasons hain badhti cities, zyada middle-class log aur Sarkaar ki schemes jaise PMAY. Competition ki baat karein toh Public Sector Banks (PSBs) abhi bhi sabse aage hain, unka market share 44% se bhi zyada hai, aur kuch reports ke hisaab se toh yeh 50% tak pahunch gaya hai. Woh trust aur low interest rates ka fayda utha rahe hain. Private banks thode peeche ho gaye hain, woh quality aur bade deals par focus kar rahe hain. NBFCs aur HFCs bhi apni jagah bana rahe hain, khaas kar 40 saal se upar wale logo ke liye, unko flexible terms aur quick processing milta hai, aur woh Tier-2/Tier-3 cities mein bhi help kar rahe hain.
Itni growth ke bawajood, kuch bada risk bhi hai, khaas kar affordable housing mein, jo youngsters ke liye bahut important hai. Housing finance mein Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) matlab loan wapas na aane ka problem badh raha hai, yeh 2023 mein 4.3% ho gaya tha. Aur abhi Q2 FY26 ke reports bata rahe hain ki affordable housing mein early delinquencies aur credit costs badh gaye hain, jiska matlab hai ki kam income wale borrowers se paisa wapas aane mein dikkat ho rahi hai. Yeh tab ho raha hai jab banks screening aur tight kar rahe hain. Digital channels easy hain, par logo ko abhi bhi trust karne mein problem hoti hai, isliye online ke saath offline support (phygital) bhi zaroori hai. Unki income profile mein variability, khaas kar informal sectors mein, credit assess karna mushkil bana deta hai. Aur kuch areas mein property ownership ke loopholes bhi ek problem hain. HFCs ke liye toh fund ka cost zyada hona aur asset-liability mismatch bhi operational issues create kar raha hai.
Aage chal kar India ka housing finance market aur bhi grow karega. Experts keh rahe hain ki next 10 saal mein yeh aur badhega. AI aur technology se loan approval aur better ho jayega. PSBs shayad volume mein lead karte rahenge, jabki private banks apne niche markets pe focus karenge. Lekin sabse important yeh hai ki lenders ko NPAs aur affordable housing mein aa rahi problems ko solve karna hoga. Technology ko user-friendly banane ke saath-saath alag-alag type ke borrowers ki needs ko samajhna aur market ki volatility mein balance banana hi aage ka game hai.