Record Surge in Activist Campaigns
Shareholder activism hit unprecedented levels in 2025, marking a significant shift in investor strategy. Nearly 30% of funds initiating campaigns were first-time players, indicating a broadening of this approach. Barclays Bank reported a global total of 255 activist campaigns last year, a 5% increase from 2024, with U.S. campaigns climbing 23% to 141.
Market Tailwinds Fuel Activist Strategies
The surge was amplified by a confluence of market factors. Early-year concerns over trade tariffs created attractive entry points for activist investors. Subsequently, the administration's open embrace of mergers and acquisitions emboldened these funds to pursue deal-driven strategies, accelerating through the year.
Major Funds Drive M&A and Spinoffs
Initiatives focused on mergers, acquisitions, or divestitures constituted a growing portion of activist demands. These M&A-related campaigns represented 35% of all initiatives in the first half of 2025 and surged to 54% in the latter half. The fourth quarter saw a notable 61% of campaigns with an M&A thesis, the highest in five years.
Elliott Investment Management was exceptionally active, deploying $19 billion across 18 new campaigns, including pushes for divestitures at PepsiCo and a breakup of Barrick Mining's gold assets. Starboard Value also played a significant role, investing $2 billion into 11 campaigns and notably agitating for Fluor to divest its stake in NuScale Power.
Looking Ahead: Opportunities and Challenges
Beyond traditional funds, a notable development was the collaboration between activist investors, private equity firms, and traditional asset managers. This strategic teaming was evident in deals such as the buyout of Heidrick & Struggles by Corvex Management's private equity arm and Advent International, following a Corvex disclosure.
Barclays anticipates continued activity as activists aim to complete deals before potential shifts in regulatory receptivity following this year's midterm elections. Opportunities for going private, dispositions, and spinoffs are expected to remain plentiful, with activists poised to guide these strategic moves.