Scientific understanding of CO2's impact on climate dates back to the 19th century, yet fossil fuel consumption continued. By 2024, China, the US, and India are the largest GHG emitters. We have entered the Anthropocene epoch, marked by human influence. While emissions trading schemes are preferred globally and in India, most climate goals are off track. Severe climate events loom, necessitating adaptation and mitigation. India is urged to adopt a comprehensive climate change law to integrate policies and ensure outcomes.